SpacemiT 屏幕调试文档

本文介绍 SpacemiT K1 平台 Uboot 和 Kernel 的 MIPI 与 HDMI 屏幕驱动用例和调试方法。

模块介绍

SpacemiT 平台的 Display 模块基于 DRM（Direct Rendering Manager） 框架实现。 DRM 是 Linux 系统中主流的显示框架，能够很好地适应现代显示硬件的特性。

在 Linux 内核中，DRM 作为显示设备管理的子系统，主要负责以下工作：

显示硬件抽象与管理： 统一管理不同类型的显示硬件。
图形内存管理： 分配与控制显存的使用。
显示输出控制： 协调显示内容的合成与输出。
多显示接口支持： 兼容 HDMI、DSI、eDP 等多种接口。

display-kms

Uboot 屏幕调试

源码结构介绍

SpacemiT 平台 Uboot 显示驱动源码结构如下：

uboot-2022.10/drivers/video$ tree spacemit
spacemit
├── dsi
│   ├── drv
│   │   ├── spacemit_dphy.c                                  // MIPI DSI DPHY 驱动
│   │   ├── spacemit_dphy.h
│   │   ├── spacemit_dsi_common.c
│   │   ├── spacemit_dsi_drv.c                               // MIPI DSI 驱动
│   │   ├── spacemit_dsi_drv.h
│   │   └── spacemit_dsi_hw.h
│   ├── include
│   │   ├── spacemit_dsi_common.h
│   │   └── spacemit_video_tx.h
│   ├── Makefile
│   └── video
│       ├── lcd                                               // panel 配置
│       │   ├── lcd_ft8201sinx101.c
│       │   ├── lcd_gx09inx101.c
│       │   ├── lcd_icnl9911c.c
│       │   ├── lcd_icnl9951r.c
│       │   ├── lcd_jd9365dah3.c
│       │   └── lcd_lt8911ext_edp_1080p.c
│       ├── spacemit_mipi_port.c
│       └── spacemit_video_tx.c
├── Kconfig
├── Makefile
├── spacemit_dpu.c                                            // DPU 驱动
├── spacemit_dpu.h
├── spacemit_edp.c                                            // eDP panel 驱动
├── spacemit_hdmi.c                                           // HDMI 驱动
├── spacemit_hdmi.h
├── spacemit_mipi.c                                           // MIPI 驱动
└── spacemit_mipi.h

配置介绍

CONFIG 配置

执行 make uboot-menuconfig
进入 Device Drivers -> Graphics support，启用以下配置(默认情况下已开启)。

Device Drivers  --->
  Graphics support  --->
     <*> Enable SPACEMIT Video Suppor
     <*>    HDMI port
     <*>    MIPI Port
     <*>        EDP Port

HDMI DTS 配置

配置 HDMI 相关设备树如下。配置 dpu 和 hdmi 节点 status = "okay"

//uboot-2022.10/arch/riscv/dts/k1-x_deb1.dts
&dpu {
	status = "okay";
};

&hdmi {
	pinctrl-names = "default";
	pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_hdmi_0>;          //pinctrl
	status = "okay";
};

MIPI DTS 配置

MIPI DSI

GPIO 定义 在 MIPI DSI 面板的 GPIO 配置中，以 k1-x_deb1 方案为例：
- GPIO81： 配置为面板复位（reset）引脚。
- GPIO82 和 GPIO83： 配置为面板电源控制引脚。

//uboot-2022.10/arch/riscv/dts/k1-x_deb1.dts
&dpu {
	status = "okay";
};

&mipi_dsi {
        status = "okay";
};

&panel {
        dcp-gpios = <&gpio 82 0>;          // 配置panel 电源控制 gpio
        dcn-gpios = <&gpio 83 0>;          // 配置panel 电源控制 gpio
        backlight = <&backlight>;          // 配置背光 pwm
        reset-gpios = <&gpio 81 0>;        // 配置panel 复位 gpio
        status = "okay";
};

DSI 电源配置 MIPI DSI 需要 1.2V 电源支持。在 k1-x_deb1 方案中：
- 使用 PMIC 的 ldo_5 作为 MIPI DSI 1.2V 电源。
- 实际方案中无需额外配置，该电源默认已开启。

//uboot-2022.10/arch/riscv/dts/k1-x_deb1.dts
&ldo_27 {
    regulator-init-microvolt = <1200000>;
    regulator-boot-on;
    regulator-state-mem {
                    regulator-off-in-suspend;
    };
};

//uboot-2022.10/arch/riscv/dts/k1-x_spm8821.dtsi
                    /* dldo */
        ldo_27: LDO_REG5 {
                regulator-name = "ldo5";
                regulator-min-microvolt = <500000>;
                regulator-max-microvolt = <3400000>;
                regulator-state-mem {
                        regulator-off-in-suspend;
                };
        };

PWM 背光配置通过 PWM 控制背光

&pwm14 {
	pinctrl-names = "default";
	pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_pwm14_1>;
	status = "okay";
};

&backlight {
	pwms = <&pwm14 0 2000>;
	default-brightness-level = <6>;
	status = "okay";
};

Display Timing 配置

在 U-Boot 阶段，系统默认使用以下时钟配置：

pix-clock： 88,000,000 Hz
bit-clock： 614,400,000 Hz

因此，无需额外配置。

//uboot-2022.10/drivers/video/spacemit/spacemit_mipi.c
	pix_clk = dev_read_u32_default(dev, "pix-clk", 88000000);
	ret = clk_set_rate(&priv->pxclk, pix_clk);

	if (ret < 0) {
		pr_err("clk_set_rate mipi dsi pxclk failed: %d\n", ret);
		return ret;
	}

	bit_clk = dev_read_u32_default(dev, "bit-clk", 614400000);
	ret = clk_set_rate(&priv->bitclk, bit_clk);
	if (ret < 0) {
		pr_err("clk_set_rate mipi dsi bitclk failed: %d\n", ret);
		return ret;
	}

已完成功能调试的 MIPI DSI panel 相关驱动文件位于 lcd 目录：

uboot-2022.10/drivers/video/spacemit/dsi/video$ tree lcd
lcd
├── lcd_ft8201sinx101.c
├── lcd_gx09inx101.c
├── lcd_icnl9911c.c
├── lcd_icnl9951r.c
├── lcd_jd9365dah3.c
└── lcd_lt8911ext_edp_1080p.c

新增 MIPI Panel 配置参考实例

以下示例以 lcd_gx09inx101 为例，演示如何在 SpacemiT 平台上新增 MIPI DSI panel 支持。

新建驱动文件 在路径 uboot-2022.10/drivers/video/spacemit/dsi/video/lcd/ 下新建 lcd_gx09inx101.c 文件，内容如下：

/ SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2023 SpacemiT Co., Ltd.
 *
 */

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include "../../include/spacemit_dsi_common.h"
#include "../../include/spacemit_video_tx.h"
#include <linux/delay.h>

#define UNLOCK_DELAY 0

// 显示参数配置
struct spacemit_mode_modeinfo gx09inx101_spacemit_modelist[] = {
        {
                .name = "1200x1920-60",
                .refresh = 60,                //fps
                .xres = 1200,                 // width 像素
                .yres = 1920,                 // height 像素
                .real_xres = 1200,
                .real_yres = 1920,
                .left_margin = 40,            //hbp
                .right_margin = 80,           //hfp
                .hsync_len = 10,              //hsync
                .upper_margin = 16,           //vbp
                .lower_margin = 20,           //vfp
                .vsync_len = 4,               //vsync
                .hsync_invert = 0,
                .vsync_invert = 0,
                .invert_pixclock = 0,
                .pixclock_freq = 156*1000,    // 像素时钟
                .pix_fmt_out = OUTFMT_RGB888,
                .width = 142,                 //显示屏物理宽度
                .height = 228,                //显示屏物理长度
        },
};

// MIPI DSI 接口参数
struct spacemit_mipi_info gx09inx101_mipi_info = {
        .height = 1920,    // mipi dsi dphy中配置屏幕高
        .width = 1200,     // mipi dsi dphy中配置屏幕宽
        .hfp = 80,         // mipi dsi dphy中配置水平前肩（Horizontal Front Porch）
        .hbp = 40,         // mipi dsi dphy中配置水平后肩（Horizontal Back Porch）
        .hsync = 10,       // mipi dsi dphy中配置水平同步信号（Horizontal Sync）
        .vfp = 20,         // mipi dsi dphy中配置垂直前肩（Vertical Front Porch）
        .vbp = 16,         // mipi dsi dphy中配置垂直后肩（Vertical Back Porch）
        .vsync = 4,        // mipi dsi dphy中配置垂直同步信号（Vertical Sync）
        .fps = 60,         // mipi dsi dphy中配置帧率

        .work_mode = SPACEMIT_DSI_MODE_VIDEO,   /*command_mode, video_mode*/
        .rgb_mode = DSI_INPUT_DATA_RGB_MODE_888,// panel中配置mipi dsi 数据格式
        .lane_number = 4,                       // mipi dsi dphy中配置mipi dsi lane数量
        .phy_bit_clock = 614400000,             // mipi dsi dphy中配置mipi dsi dphy bit clock
        .phy_esc_clock = 51200000,              // mipi dsi dphy中配置mipi dsi dphy esc clock
        .split_enable = 0,                      // mipi dsi dphy中配置mipi dsi使能split
        .eotp_enable = 0,                       // mipi dsi dphy中配置mipi dsi使能eotp

        .burst_mode = DSI_BURST_MODE_BURST,
};

static struct spacemit_dsi_cmd_desc gx09inx101_set_id_cmds[] = {
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_SET_MAX_PKT_SIZE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, UNLOCK_DELAY, 1, {0x01}},
};

static struct spacemit_dsi_cmd_desc gx09inx101_read_id_cmds[] = {
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_GENERIC_READ1, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, UNLOCK_DELAY, 1, {0xfb}},
};

static struct spacemit_dsi_cmd_desc gx09inx101_set_power_cmds[] = {
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_SET_MAX_PKT_SIZE, SPACEMIT_DSI_HS_MODE, UNLOCK_DELAY, 1, {0x1}},
};

static struct spacemit_dsi_cmd_desc gx09inx101_read_power_cmds[] = {
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_GENERIC_READ1, SPACEMIT_DSI_HS_MODE, UNLOCK_DELAY, 1, {0xA}},
};

static struct spacemit_dsi_cmd_desc gx09inx101_init_cmds[] = {
        //8279 + INX10.1
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xB0,0x01}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC3,0x4F}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC4,0x40}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC5,0x40}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC6,0x40}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC7,0x40}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC8,0x4D}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC9,0x52}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xCA,0x51}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xCD,0x5D}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xCE,0x5B}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xCF,0x4B}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xD0,0x49}},

		·······

        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDA,0x19}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDB,0x17}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDC,0x17}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDD,0x18}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDE,0x1A}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDF,0x1E}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xE0,0x20}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xE1,0x23}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xE2,0x07}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 200, 2, {0x11, 0x00}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE,  50, 2, {0x29, 0x00}},
};

static struct spacemit_dsi_cmd_desc gx09inx101_sleep_out_cmds[] = {
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_SWRITE,SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE,200,1,{0x11}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_SWRITE,SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE,50,1,{0x29}},
};

static struct spacemit_dsi_cmd_desc gx09inx101_sleep_in_cmds[] = {
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_SWRITE,SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE,50,1,{0x28}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_SWRITE,SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE,200,1,{0x10}},
};


struct lcd_mipi_panel_info lcd_gx09inx101 = {
        .lcd_name = "gx09inx101",
        .lcd_id = 0x8279,
        .panel_id0 = 0x1,
        .power_value = 0x14,
        .panel_type = LCD_MIPI,
        .width_mm = 142,
        .height_mm = 228,
        .dft_pwm_bl = 128,
        .set_id_cmds_num = ARRAY_SIZE(gx09inx101_set_id_cmds),
        .read_id_cmds_num = ARRAY_SIZE(gx09inx101_read_id_cmds),
        .init_cmds_num = ARRAY_SIZE(gx09inx101_init_cmds),
        .set_power_cmds_num = ARRAY_SIZE(gx09inx101_set_power_cmds),
        .read_power_cmds_num = ARRAY_SIZE(gx09inx101_read_power_cmds),
        .sleep_out_cmds_num = ARRAY_SIZE(gx09inx101_sleep_out_cmds),
        .sleep_in_cmds_num = ARRAY_SIZE(gx09inx101_sleep_in_cmds),
        //.drm_modeinfo = gx09inx101_modelist,
        .spacemit_modeinfo = gx09inx101_spacemit_modelist,
        .mipi_info = &gx09inx101_mipi_info,
        .set_id_cmds = gx09inx101_set_id_cmds,
        .read_id_cmds = gx09inx101_read_id_cmds,
        .set_power_cmds = gx09inx101_set_power_cmds,
        .read_power_cmds = gx09inx101_read_power_cmds,
        .init_cmds = gx09inx101_init_cmds,
        .sleep_out_cmds = gx09inx101_sleep_out_cmds,
        .sleep_in_cmds = gx09inx101_sleep_in_cmds,
        .bitclk_sel = 3,
        .bitclk_div = 1,
        .pxclk_sel = 2,
        .pxclk_div = 6,
};

int lcd_gx09inx101_init(void)
{
        int ret;

        ret = lcd_mipi_register_panel(&lcd_gx09inx101);
        return ret;
}

以下各项根据屏幕相关信息进行配置。

初始化命令（initial-cmd）：

static struct spacemit_dsi_cmd_desc gx09inx101_init_cmds[] = {
        //8279 + INX10.1
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xB0,0x01}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC3,0x4F}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC4,0x40}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC5,0x40}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC6,0x40}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC7,0x40}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC8,0x4D}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xC9,0x52}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xCA,0x51}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xCD,0x5D}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xCE,0x5B}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xCF,0x4B}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xD0,0x49}},

		·······

        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDA,0x19}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDB,0x17}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDC,0x17}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDD,0x18}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDE,0x1A}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xDF,0x1E}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xE0,0x20}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xE1,0x23}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 0,   2, {0xE2,0x07}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, 200, 2, {0x11, 0x00}},
        {SPACEMIT_DSI_DCS_LWRITE, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE,  50, 2, {0x29, 0x00}},
};

Panel ID 识别（确认屏幕型号） 验证连接的屏幕型号与驱动兼容性通过配置 read_id 读取 panel_id, 如下，lcd_gx09inx101 读取 0xfb 寄存器

//uboot-2022.10/drivers/video/spacemit/dsi/video/lcd/lcd_gx09inx101.c
static struct spacemit_dsi_cmd_desc gx09inx101_read_id_cmds[] = {
     {SPACEMIT_DSI_GENERIC_READ1, SPACEMIT_DSI_LP_MODE, UNLOCK_DELAY, 1, {0xfb}},
};

对比返回值与预期值，不匹配则报错。如下，0xfb 寄存器理应读取的到值为 0x1

//uboot-2022.10/drivers/video/spacemit/dsi/video/lcd/lcd_gx09inx101.c
struct lcd_mipi_panel_info lcd_gx09inx101 = {
     .lcd_name = "gx09inx101",
     .panel_id0 = 0x1,

ESD 静电防护检测 实时监测屏幕工作状态，预防静电损伤。在 lcd_gx09inx101 配置中，读取 0xA 寄存器进行 ESD check

//uboot-2022.10/drivers/video/spacemit/dsi/video/lcd/lcd_gx09inx101.c
static struct spacemit_dsi_cmd_desc gx09inx101_read_power_cmds[] = {
     {SPACEMIT_DSI_GENERIC_READ1, SPACEMIT_DSI_HS_MODE, UNLOCK_DELAY, 1, {0xA}},
};

驱动会将读取结果与预设的 power_value 进行比对，若不同，则说明屏幕可能发生了 ESD 异常。示例中，寄存器 0xA 理应返回值与 power_value 一致：

//uboot-2022.10/drivers/video/spacemit/dsi/video/lcd/lcd_gx09inx101.c
struct lcd_mipi_panel_info lcd_gx09inx101 = {

     .power_value = 0x10,

修改 Makefile 在 obj-y 中添加新 panel：

//uboot-2022.10/drivers/video/spacemit/dsi/Makefile
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0

obj-y += video/spacemit_video_tx.o \
        video/spacemit_mipi_port.o \
        drv/spacemit_dphy.o \
        drv/spacemit_dsi_common.o \
        drv/spacemit_dsi_drv.o

obj-y += video/lcd/lcd_icnl9911c.o
obj-y += video/lcd/lcd_icnl9951r.o
obj-y += video/lcd/lcd_jd9365dah3.o
obj-y += video/lcd/lcd_gx09inx101.o
obj-y += video/lcd/lcd_lt8911ext_edp_1080p.o

修改头文件 spacemit_dsi_common.h

//uboot-2022.10/drivers/video/spacemit/dsi/include/spacemit_dsi_common.h
int lcd_icnl9911c_init(void);
int lcd_icnl9951r_init(void);
int lcd_gx09inx101_init(void);    // 增加 lcd_gx09inx101.c实现的相应函数的声明
int lcd_jd9365dah3_init(void);
int lcd_lt8911ext_edp_1080p_init(void);

修改端口识别逻辑 spacemit_mipi_port.c 在 panel 匹配逻辑中加入新 panel

//uboot-2022.10/drivers/video/spacemit/dsi/video/spacemit_mipi_port.c

if (strcmp("lt8911ext_edp_1080p", priv->panel_name) == 0) {
        tx_device_client.panel_type = LCD_EDP;
        tx_device.panel_type = tx_device_client.panel_type;
        lcd_lt8911ext_edp_1080p_init();
    } else if(strcmp("icnl9951r", priv->panel_name) == 0) {
        tx_device_client.panel_type = LCD_MIPI;
        tx_device.panel_type = tx_device_client.panel_type;
        lcd_icnl9951r_init();
    } else if(strcmp("jd9365dah3", priv->panel_name) == 0) {
        tx_device_client.panel_type = LCD_MIPI;
        tx_device.panel_type = tx_device_client.panel_type;
        lcd_jd9365dah3_init();
    } else {
        // lcd_icnl9911c_init();
        lcd_gx09inx101_init();          //增加gx09inx101 panel识别，新增其它panel参考以上三个
    }

这样处理后，gx09inx101 panel 就能在 U-Boot 初始化时正确识别并驱动。

U-Boot 启动相关日志

以下为 U-Boot 启动过程中 MIPI DSI Panel 初始化的关键日志：

[   0.842] Found device 'mipi@d421a800', disp_uc_priv=000000007deb1aa0
            /*   读取 ID ，对应 lcd_gx09inx101.c 中
                 struct lcd_mipi_panel_info lcd_gx09inx101.id0 配置 */
[   1.001] read panel id OK: read value = 0x1, 0x0, 0x0
[   1.003] Panel is gx09inx101
[   1.260] fb=7f700000, size=1200x1920

Kernel 屏幕调试

SpacemiT 平台 Display 模块的功能和使用方法参考：SpacemiT 平台 Display 模块介绍

HDMI 配置

以下示例基于 k1-x_deb1 方案，展示了 HDMI 的设备树配置：

// linux-6.6\arch\riscv\boot\dts\spacemit\k1-x_deb1.dts
&dpu_online2_hdmi {
	memory-region = <&dpu_resv>;             // 配置 HDMI DPU 预留内存
	status = "okay";
};

&hdmi{
	pinctrl-names = "default";
	pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_hdmi_0>;
	status = "okay";
};

MIPI DSI panel 配置实例

在 kernel 阶段，MIPI 屏幕的配置步骤如下：

配置供电与 GPIO
新建 MIPI 屏幕 dtsi 文件
根据供应商资料配置时序和命令参考屏幕供应商提供的 MIPI 屏幕参数和主控芯片 datasheet，结合屏幕时序等信息，配置 dtsi 中的：
- clock 参数（前后肩、分辨率、及计算得出的pixel clock和bit clock）
- 初始化命令（initial-command）
- 读 ID 命令（read-id-command）
将 MIPI Panel 与方案关联

k1-x_deb1 方案

以下示例展示了 k1-x_deb1 方案使用 lcd_gx09inx101_mipi 作为显示屏的 DTS 配置：

//linux-6.6/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1-x_deb1.dts
#include "lcd/lcd_gx09inx101_mipi.dtsi"
#include "k1-x-lcd.dtsi"
#include "k1-x-hdmi.dtsi"

&dpu_online2_dsi {
	memory-region = <&dpu_resv>;
	spacemit-dpu-bitclk = <1000000000>;     //bit clock，参考时序计算
	spacemit-dpu-escclk = <76800000>;
	dsi_1v2-supply = <&ldo_5>;              // 引用PMIC DLDO1
	vin-supply-names = "dsi_1v2";           // 配置MIPI DSI 1.2v
	status = "okay";
};

&dsi2 {
        status = "okay";

        panel2: panel2@0 {
                status = "okay";
                compatible = "spacemit,mipi-panel2";
                reg = <0>;

                gpios-reset = <81>;             // 配置panel 复位 gpio
                gpios-dc = <82 83>;             // 配置panel 电源控制 gpio
                id = <2>;                       // 配置 panel id
                delay-after-reset = <10>;       // 配置 plane 复位延时时间（单位：ms）
                force-attached = "lcd_gx09inx101_mipi"; //方案与 panel相关联
        };
};

&lcds {
        status = "okay";                        // 使能lcds
};

&pwm14 {                                        // 配置pwm
        pinctrl-names = "default";
        pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_pwm14_1>;
        status = "okay";
};

&pwm_bl {                                       // 配置背光
        pwms = <&pwm14 2000>;
        brightness-levels = <
                0   20  20  20  21  21  21  22  22  22  23  23  23  24  24  24
                25  25  25  26  26  26  27  27  27  28  28  29  29  30  30  31
                32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39  40  41  42  43  44  45  46  47
                48  49  50  51  52  53  54  55  56  57  58  59  60  61  62  63
                64  65  66  67  68  69  70  71  72  73  74  75  76  77  78  79
                80  81  82  83  84  85  86  87  88  89  90  91  92  93  94  95
                96  97  98  99  100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111
                112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127
                128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143
                144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159
                160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175
                176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191
                192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207
                208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223
                224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239
                240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255
        >;
        default-brightness-level = <50>;
        status = "okay";
};

DSI 供电

DSI 需要 AVDD1.8 和 AVDD1.2 供电

AVDD1.8_DSI： 由 BUCK3_1V8 默认供电，无需额外配置。
AVDD1.2_DSI： 由 DLDO1 供电，需在 dts 中指定：

dsi_1v2-supply = <&ldo_5>;              //dldo1
vin-supply-names = "dsi_1v2"

MIPI 屏供电

本方案 MIPI 接口根据原理图需要配置 GPIO 和 PWM。

GPIO 屏幕需要复位和电源控制 GPIO： dcp-gpios = gpio 82; dcn-gpios = gpio 83; reset-gpios = gpio 81;

gpios-reset = <81>;             // 配置 panel 复位 GPIO
gpios-dc = <82 83>;             // 配置 panel 电源控制 GPIO

PWM 采用 PWM 控制背光，对应设备树

&pwm14 {
     pinctrl-names = "default";
     pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_pwm14_1>;
     status = "okay";
};

LCD dtsi 配置

在 linux-6.6/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/lcd/ 路径下，新建 lcd_gx09inx101_mipi.dtsi

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0

/ { lcds: lcds {
        lcd_gx09inx101_mipi: lcd_gx09inx101_mipi {
                dsi-work-mode = <1>;            // panel中配置 mipi dsi工作模式：1 DSI_MODE_VIDEO_BURST;
                dsi-lane-number = <4>;          // panel中配置mipi dsi lane数量
                dsi-color-format = "rgb888";
                width-mm = <142>;               //panel中配置屏幕active area
                height-mm = <228>;              // panel中配置屏幕active area
                use-dcs-write;                  // panel中配置是否使用dcs命令模式

                /*mipi info*/
                height = <1920>;
                width = <1200>;
                hfp = <80>;
                hbp = <40>;
                hsync = <10>;
                vfp = <20>;
                vbp = <16>;
                vsync = <4>;
                fps = <60>;
                work-mode = <0>;
                rgb-mode = <3>;
                lane-number = <4>;
                phy-bit-clock = <1000000000>;    // mipi dsi dphy bitclk 配置
                phy-esc-clock = <76800000>;
                split-enable = <0>;              // mipi dsi dphy中配置mipi dsi使能
                eotp-enable = <0>;               // mipi dsi dphy中配置mipi dsi使能eotp
                burst-mode = <2>;                // mipi dsi dphy中配置mipi dsi burst mode: 2 DSI_BURST_MODE_BURST;
                esd-check-enable = <0>;          // panel中配置使能esd check
                /* DSI_CMD, DSI_MODE, timeout, len, cmd */
                // initial-command,根据屏幕信息配置
                initial-command = [
                39 01 00 02 B0 01
                39 01 00 02 C3 4F
                39 01 00 02 C4 40
                39 01 00 02 C5 40
                39 01 00 02 C6 40
                39 01 00 02 C7 40
                39 01 00 02 C8 4D

                    ··········

                39 01 00 02 DA 19
                39 01 00 02 DB 17
                39 01 00 02 DC 17
                39 01 00 02 DD 18
                39 01 00 02 DE 1A
                39 01 00 02 DF 1E
                39 01 00 02 E0 20
                39 01 00 02 E1 23
                39 01 00 02 E2 07
                39 01 F0 01 11
                39 01 28 01 29
                ];
                sleep-in-command = [
                        39 01 78 01 28
                        39 01 78 01 10
                ];
                sleep-out-command = [
                        39 01 96 01 11
                        39 01 32 01 29
                ];
                // read-id-command,根据屏幕信息配置
                read-id-command = [
                        37 01 00 01 05
                        14 01 00 05 fb fc fd fe ff
                ];

                display-timings {
                        timing0 {
                                clock-frequency = <153000000>;  // mipi dsi pixclk 配置
                                hactive = <1200>;
                                hfront-porch = <80>;
                                hback-porch = <40>;
                                hsync-len = <10>;
                                vactive = <1920>;
                                vfront-porch = <20>;
                                vback-porch = <16>;
                                vsync-len = <4>;
                                vsync-active = <1>;
                                hsync-active = <1>;
                        };
                };
        };
};};

时序计算

Pixel Clock pixel clock = (hactive + hfp + hbp + hsync) * (vactive + vfp + vbp + vsync) * fps = （1200 + 50 + 40 + 10）* (1920 + 20 + 16 + 4) * 60 = 152880000 HZ
Bit Clock bit clock = (((hactive + hfp + hbp + hsync) * (vactive + vfp + vbp + vsync) * fps * bpp) / lane bumber) * 1.1 = (（（1200 + 50 + 40 + 10）* (1920 + 20 + 16 + 4) * 60 * 24）/ 4) * 1.1 = 1009008000 HZ

通过 Display Timing 计算：

Pixel Clock = 152880000 HZ，系统可配置为 153000000 HZ
Bit Clock = 1009008000 HZ，系统可配置为 1000000000 HZ

DTS 文件中, 系统配置如下：

clock-frequency = 153000000 Hz
spacemit-dpu-bitclk = 1000000000 Hz
phy-bit-clock = 1000000000 Hz

FAQ

1. 只配置 HDMI

以 k1-x_deb1 方案为例，如果只启用 HDMI 输出，可以在驱动 DTS 中关闭 LCD，打开 HDMI。

下面为默认配置：

//linux-6.6/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1-x_deb1.dts
&dpu_online2_dsi {
	memory-region = <&dpu_resv>;
	spacemit-dpu-bitclk = <1000000000>;
	spacemit-dpu-escclk = <76800000>;
	dsi_1v2-supply = <&ldo_5>;
	vin-supply-names = "dsi_1v2";
	status = "disabled"; // 禁用 MIPI DSI
};

&dsi2 {
	status = "disabled"; // 禁用 DSI 面板

	panel2: panel2@0 {
		status = "ok";
		compatible = "spacemit,mipi-panel2";
		reg = <0>;

		gpios-reset = <81>;
		gpios-dc = <82 83>;
		id = <2>;
		delay-after-reset = <10>;
		force-attached = "lcd_gx09inx101_mipi";
	};
};

&lcds {
	status = "disabled";  // 禁用 LCD
};

&dpu_online2_hdmi {
	memory-region = <&dpu_resv>;
	status = "okay"; // 启用 HDMI DPU
};

&hdmi{
	pinctrl-names = "default";
	pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_hdmi_0>;
	status = "okay";  // 启用 HDMI
};

2. 同时配置 HDMI 与 DSI

如果需要同时启用 LCD (MIPI DSI) 和 HDMI，需要在 DTS 中将两个相关节点的 status 属性均设置为 "okay"。

示例如下（以 k1-x_deb1 方案为例）：

//linux-6.6/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1-x_deb1.dts
&dpu_online2_dsi {
	memory-region = <&dpu_resv>;
	spacemit-dpu-bitclk = <1000000000>;
	spacemit-dpu-escclk = <76800000>;
	dsi_1v2-supply = <&ldo_5>;
	vin-supply-names = "dsi_1v2";
	status = "okay"; // 启用 MIPI DSI
};

&dsi2 {
	status = "okay";  // 启用 DSI 面板

	panel2: panel2@0 {
		status = "ok";
		compatible = "spacemit,mipi-panel2";
		reg = <0>;

		gpios-reset = <81>;
		gpios-dc = <82 83>;
		id = <2>;
		delay-after-reset = <10>;
		force-attached = "lcd_gx09inx101_mipi";
	};
};

&lcds {
	status = "okay"; // 启用 LCD 模块
};

&dpu_online2_hdmi {
	memory-region = <&dpu_resv>;
	status = "okay"; // 启用 HDMI DPU
};

&hdmi{
	pinctrl-names = "default";
	pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_hdmi_0>;
	status = "okay"; // 启用 HDMI
};

3. 只配置 DSI

如果只需要使用 MIPI DSI LCD，需将 DSI 相关节点启用 (status = "okay")，同时关闭 HDMI 相关节点 (status = "disabled")。

以下为 k1-x_deb1 方案示例：

//linux-6.6/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1-x_deb1.dts
&dpu_online2_dsi {
	memory-region = <&dpu_resv>;
	spacemit-dpu-bitclk = <1000000000>;
	spacemit-dpu-escclk = <76800000>;
	dsi_1v2-supply = <&ldo_5>;
	vin-supply-names = "dsi_1v2";
	status = "okay"; // 启用 MIPI DSI
};

&dsi2 {
	status = "okay"; // 启用 DSI 面板

	panel2: panel2@0 {
		status = "ok";
		compatible = "spacemit,mipi-panel2";
		reg = <0>;

		gpios-reset = <81>;
		gpios-dc = <82 83>;
		id = <2>;
		delay-after-reset = <10>;
		force-attached = "lcd_gx09inx101_mipi";
	};
};

&lcds {
	status = "okay";  // 启用 LCD 模块
};

&dpu_online2_hdmi {
	memory-region = <&dpu_resv>;
	status = "disabled"; // 关闭 HDMI DPU
};

&hdmi{
	pinctrl-names = "default";
	pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_hdmi_0>;
	status = "disabled"; // 禁用 HDMI
};

4. Weston 主屏配置

Weston 的启动脚本位于：

//buildroot/package/weston/run_weston.sh

默认脚本

#export EGL_LOG_LEVEL=debug
export MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE=pvr
export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/root
export QT_QPA_PLATFORM_PLUGIN_PATH=/usr/lib/qt/plugins/platforms
export QT_QPA_PLATFORM=wayland
weston --log=/var/log/weston --tty=1 --idle-time=0

在 HDMI 和 LCD 同时配置为 okay 时，Weston 默认会使用 第一个 DRM 显示设备（即 /sys/class/drm 中检测到的第一个 card）。

查看 DRM 设备

cd /sys/class/drm
ls

card1：默认绑定 LCD
card2：默认绑定 HDMI

指定 HDMI 为主屏 若希望 Weston 默认在 HDMI 上显示，则需修改 run_weston.sh 脚本，在启动参数中显式指定 DRM 设备：

//buildroot/package/weston/run_weston.sh
#export EGL_LOG_LEVEL=debug
export MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE=pvr
export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/root
export QT_QPA_PLATFORM_PLUGIN_PATH=/usr/lib/qt/plugins/platforms
export QT_QPA_PLATFORM=wayland
weston --log=/var/log/weston --tty=1 --drm-device=card2 --idle-time=0

通过 --drm-device=card2 参数，Weston 将直接使用 HDMI 作为主屏显示。

5. bianbu-desktop 主屏配置

在 Bianbu-Desktop 环境中，mutter 默认将 DSI 识别为主显示器。若需将主显示器修改为 HDMI，需要调整 mutter 源码并重新编译。

//mutter/src/backends/meta-monitor.c
meta_monitor_is_laptop_panel (MetaMonitor *monitor)
{
  const MetaOutputInfo *output_info =
    meta_monitor_get_main_output_info (monitor);

  switch (output_info->connector_type)
    {
    case META_CONNECTOR_TYPE_eDP:
    case META_CONNECTOR_TYPE_LVDS:
    case META_CONNECTOR_TYPE_HDMIA: //原默认配置为 META_CONNECTOR_TYPE_DSI
      return TRUE;
    default:
      return FALSE;
    }
}

修改说明

将 META_CONNECTOR_TYPE_HDMIA 保留在 TRUE 返回分支，同时移除或屏蔽 META_CONNECTOR_TYPE_DSI。

修改后重新编译并安装 mutter，即可生效。

SpacemiT 屏幕调试文档

模块介绍​

Uboot 屏幕调试​

源码结构介绍​

配置介绍​

CONFIG 配置​

HDMI DTS 配置​

MIPI DTS 配置​

MIPI DSI​

Display Timing 配置​

新增 MIPI Panel 配置参考实例​

U-Boot 启动相关日志​

Kernel 屏幕调试​

HDMI 配置​

MIPI DSI panel 配置实例​

k1-x_deb1 方案​

DSI 供电​

MIPI 屏供电​

LCD dtsi 配置​

时序计算​

FAQ​

1. 只配置 HDMI​

2. 同时配置 HDMI 与 DSI​

3. 只配置 DSI​

4. Weston 主屏配置​

5. bianbu-desktop 主屏配置​